shoulder replacement surgeon They manage complex spinal issues, focusing on the vertebrae, discs, spinal cord, and nerves, aiming to restore function and relieve pain using techniques from conservative care to complex reconstruction, often using minimally invasive approaches when possible. Orthopedic Spine Surgeons: Focus on the musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, muscles) of the spine, often handling deformities, fractures, and degenerative issues, and managing rehabilitation.