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English as an International Language (EIL) Pronunciation Changes

From   The Lingua Franca Core, A New Model for Pronunciation Instruction    by REBECCA M. DAUER 

 

"Jenkins (2000)  work derives from the World  Englishes or  English as an international language (EIL) movement, which recognizes that there are more than 300 million nom-native English speakers (NNSs) who may regularly use English to communicate more with each other than with native English speakers (NSs)".  Her LFC is a scaled-down list of supposedly more teachable and learnable pronunciation targets and is based on her own research on intelligibility errors among NNSs."

 

"WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE LFC?
(~Truespel notation is used below because IPA notation would not copy)
 According to Jenkins (2000, 2002), the LFC consists of the following core areas:
Consonants
•1  All consonants are OK (except ~thh, ~th (thin, the), which can be replaced by ~f, ~v).
•2  Do not drop final~r in here, hair, etc., as in BrE.
•3  Do not voice ~t in matter  nor delete it in winter as in AmE).
•4  Approximations of core sounds are acceptable as long as they will not be heard as another sound (e.g., phonemic distinctions must be maintained).
•5  Aspiration of word initial voiceless stops /p, t, k/ such as 
(pin/~p-hin/,  tin/~t-hin/,  kin/~k-hin/).
•6  No omission of consonants in word initial clusters (promise, string ).
•7  Omission in medial and final clusters only according to inner circle English rules (facts = fax ,  bands = bans).
•8  Addition (vowel epenthesis) is preferable to omission (product as ~perraaduktu], not  ~praadukt.

 

 Vowels
1  •Contrast between so-called long and short vowels
(seat, sit ~seet,   cooed, could ~kued,   cart/class, cot, caught   ~aat
2  • bird ~berd   it is not necessary to diphthongize "say"~sae  or "so" ~soe
3  •Vowels shortened before voiceless consonants and lengthened before voiced consonants (sat, sad , pick, pig)   ~sat ~sad ~pik ~pig

 

Prosody 
1  •Correct placement and production (lengthening) of nuclear stress and contrastive stress (You deserve to be SACKED  vs. You deSERVE to be sacked).
2  •Division of the speech stream into word groups"