Joint replacement surgery is a procedure where a damaged joint is replaced with an artificial joint, also known as a prosthesis. This surgery is commonly performed to relieve pain and restore function in joints that have been damaged by arthritis, injury, or other conditions. The most common joints that are replaced are the hip and knee joints, although shoulder, elbow, and ankle joint replacements are also performed.
The procedure involves removing the damaged cartilage and bone from the joint and replacing it with a prosthesis made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials. This artificial joint is designed to mimic the natural movement of the joint, allowing for improved mobility and reduced pain.
Before undergoing joint replacement surgery, patients will typically undergo a thorough evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon to determine if they are a suitable candidate for the procedure. This evaluation may include a physical examination, imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans, and a review of the patient's medical history.
Recovery from joint replacement surgery can vary depending on the individual and the type of joint replaced. Physical therapy is often an essential part of the recovery process, helping patients regain strength, flexibility, and mobility in the joint. With proper care and rehabilitation, many patients experience significant improvements in their joint function and quality of life following joint replacement surgery.