According to opticians in Sri Lanka, the three common eye diseases linked to a higher risk of falls are:
· Cataracts: This condition causes clouding of the eye's lens, leading to blurred vision, reduced contrast sensitivity, and poor depth perception, all of which can increase the risk of tripping or falling.
· Glaucoma: Glaucoma affects peripheral vision, reducing the ability to see objects to the side, which can make it harder to navigate obstacles and prevent falls.
· Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD): AMD affects the central part of the retina (the macula), leading to loss of sharp central vision. This makes it difficult to see details, read, or recognise faces, and can impair balance, increasing fall risk.
How can you mitigate the risks caused by these eye diseases?
Mitigating the risks caused by eye diseases that increase the risk of falls involves a combination of medical treatment, home safety modifications, and lifestyle adjustments, in addition to getting spectacles or contact lenses in Sri Lanka to improve vision. Here are some strategies for each of the three conditions:
1. Cataracts
· Surgical Treatment: Cataract surgery is the most effective treatment, as it replaces the clouded lens with an artificial one, restoring clearer vision.
· Regular Eye Exams: Monitoring the progression of cataracts through regular eye testing in Sri Lanka allows for timely treatment and vision correction.
· Proper Lighting: Ensure well-lit environments, especially in stairways and hallways, to enhance visibility.
· Use of Contrast: Adding contrasting colours on steps or furniture edges can help people with reduced vision detect objects more easily.
2. Glaucoma
· Medications/Surgery: Use eye drops prescribed by professionals in eye care in Sri Lanka, or undergo surgery to manage intraocular pressure and slow vision loss.
· Wider Visual Scanning: Training yourself to move your head more when walking can compensate for reduced peripheral vision.
· Fall-proofing the Home: Remove trip hazards like loose rugs and clutter, and ensure clear walking paths.
· Mobility Aids: Using canes or other assistive devices can help improve stability and balance in unfamiliar or crowded environments.
3. Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
· Low Vision Aids: Magnifiers, special reading glasses, or digital devices with enlarged text can assist with daily tasks.
· Fall Prevention Training: Balance exercises, such as tai chi or physical therapy, can help reduce the risk of falling due to impaired vision.
· Home Modifications: Install railings, grab bars in bathrooms, and improve contrast between walls, floors, and furniture.
· Healthy Diet: A diet rich in leafy greens, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants can help slow the progression of AMD.
General Tips for All Eye Diseases:
· Wear Proper Footwear: Non-slip shoes can provide better grip and prevent slips.
· Vision Aids: Regular use of prescribed glasses or contact lenses ensures you're seeing as clearly as possible.
· Exercise for Strength and Balance: Strengthening muscles and improving coordination can help you react better to potential falls.
· Annual Eye Checkups: Regular visits to the ophthalmologist can ensure your eye condition is well-managed and your prescription is up-to-date.
Implementing these strategies can help significantly reduce the risk of falls due to vision impairment.