This study demonstrates a three-dimensional numerical EPB Speed Test simulation of earth pressure balance shield tunneling using a coupled discrete element method and a finite difference method. The analysis adopted the actual size of a spoke-type EPB shield tunnel boring machine consisting of a cutter head with cutting tools, working chamber, screw conveyor, and shield. testmyinternetspeed.org,For the coupled model to reproduce the in situ ground condition, the ground formation was generated partially using the DEM, with the rest of the domain being composed of FDM grids. https://7smabu.com/read-blog/288837_epb-speed-test.html
