Device fingerprinting : What is it and how does it work

In an online world where we switch between devices, clear our browsing history, and use tools to block ads, tracking our digital footprints has become a tricky task for businesses. But for companies trying to understand their customers, this tracking is essential—whether it’s to personalize shopping experiences, prevent fraud, or improve marketing efforts.
But, here's a catch :
Customers nowadays are into all kinds of devices. There are screens everywhere, and the average user owns more than one. This makes it hard to authenticate real users and to know where real users are when using a secure system. With more devices, an app can’t identify a trusted device versus one that belongs to an attacker.
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