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Truespel analysis of "awe-dropping" in US English talking dictionaries |
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by Thomas Zurinskas |
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Problem: Some US dialects are dropping the "awe" ~au phoneme, replacing it with "ah" ~aa. |
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In talking dictionaries the speakers are sometimes prone to doing this |
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even though the phonetics shown is ~au, not ~aa. This is not good, |
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Below are 145 words containing ~au out of the 5k top words of US English, |
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by Collins Cobuild. I estimate these 5k words make up about 90% |
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of words in common text (books, mags, newsprint). |
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There are 336,173 instances of appearance of ~au in the database. |
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I listened to three talking dictionaries below (for up to 60%of words): |
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1 Merriam -Webster (m-w.com) |
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2 American Heritage (ahdictionary.com) |
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3 The Free Dictionary (thefreedictionary.com) (click US flag) |
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Analysis |
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1 |
Dictionary 2, 3 did not awe-drop but for one female said ~u for ~au in "off" |
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2 |
Dictionary 1 had 3 females and 1 swap ~aa in place of ~au. |
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3 |
Female voices tend to be weaker in pronouncing ~au and are prone tp ~au drop. |
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4 |
Dictionary voices should follow phonetic notation without dialect influence. Under 3% of "awe" phonemes were mispronounced. |
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instance count |
100% |
(2.2%) out of 15,392,580 instances |
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word list count |
145 |
(2,9%) for the top 5,000 words |
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data |
~au words |
~au |
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count |
rank |
tradspel |
truespel |
count |
% |
accum |
1 MW |
sex |
2 A H |
sex |
3 TFD |
sex |
1 |
34 |
all |
~aul |
64,138 |
18.5% |
18.5% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
2 |
117 |
also |
~aulsoe |
16,217 |
4.7% |
23.2% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
3 |
129 |
long |
~laung |
14,187 |
4.1% |
27.3% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
4 |
130 |
off |
~auf |
14,065 |
4.1% |
31.4% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~u |
f |
5 |
141 |
thought |
~thhaut |
12,890 |
3.7% |
35.1% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
6 |
152 |
always |
~aulwaez |
11,796 |
3.4% |
38.5% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
7 |
179 |
small |
~smaul |
9,312 |
2.7% |
41.2% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
8 |
203 |
almost |
~aulmoest |
8,419 |
2.4% |
43.6% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~aa |
f |
9 |
206 |
often |
~aufin |
8,354 |
2.4% |
46.0% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
10 |
221 |
water |
~wauter |
7,746 |
2.2% |
48.3% |
~aa |
f |
~au |
f |
~au |
f |
11 |
227 |
called |
~kauld |
7,503 |
2.2% |
50.4% |
~aa |
f |
~au |
m |
x |
x |
12 |
245 |
saw |
~sau |
6,949 |
2.0% |
52.5% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
13 |
258 |
already |
~aulrredee |
6,478 |
1.9% |
54.3% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
14 |
315 |
along |
~ullaung |
5,268 |
1.5% |
55.8% |
~aa |
m |
~u |
m |
~au |
f |
15 |
318 |
although |
~aultthoe |
5,216 |
1.5% |
57.4% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
16 |
338 |
across |
~ukraus |
5,050 |
1.5% |
58.8% |
~aa |
f |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
17 |
364 |
talk |
~tauk |
4,663 |
1.3% |
60.2% |
~au |
f |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
18 |
375 |
gone |
~gaun |
4,537 |
1.3% |
61.5% |
~au |
m |
~au |
m |
~au |
f |
19 |
385 |
brought |
~braut |
4,424 |
1.3% |
62.7% |
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20 |
392 |
office |
~aufis |
4,349 |
1.3% |
64.0% |
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21 |
405 |
call |
~kaul |
4,260 |
1.2% |
65.2% |
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22 |
415 |
longer |
~launger |
4,116 |
1.2% |
66.4% |
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23 |
464 |
lost |
~laust |
3,729 |
1.1% |
67.5% |
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24 |
468 |
wrong |
~raung |
3,707 |
1.1% |
68.6% |
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25 |
526 |
talking |
~taukeeng |
3,273 |
0.9% |
69.5% |
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26 |
576 |
strong |
~straung |
2,933 |
0.8% |
70.4% |
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27 |
591 |
law |
~lau |
2,880 |
0.8% |
71.2% |
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28 |
605 |
walked |
~waukd |
2,803 |
0.8% |
72.0% |
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29 |
642 |
cause |
~kauz |
2,593 |
0.7% |
72.8% |
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30 |
672 |
wall |
~waul |
2,474 |
0.7% |
73.5% |
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31 |
689 |
cost |
~kaust |
2,410 |
0.7% |
74.2% |
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32 |
772 |
walk |
~wauk |
2,140 |
0.6% |
74.8% |
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33 |
788 |
hall |
~haul |
2,107 |
0.6% |
75.4% |
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34 |
838 |
caught |
~kaut |
1,985 |
0.6% |
76.0% |
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35 |
855 |
fall |
~faul |
1,923 |
0.6% |
76.5% |
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36 |
876 |
ought |
~aut |
1,868 |
0.5% |
77.1% |
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37 |
915 |
daughter |
~dauter |
1,782 |
0.5% |
77.6% |
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38 |
927 |
offer |
~aufer |
1,757 |
0.5% |
78.1% |
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39 |
957 |
talked |
~taukd |
1,702 |
0.5% |
78.6% |
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40 |
983 |
coffee |
~kaufee |
1,663 |
0.5% |
79.1% |
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41 |
999 |
offered |
~auferd |
1,641 |
0.5% |
79.5% |
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42 |
1046 |
ball |
~baul |
1,577 |
0.5% |
80.0% |
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43 |
1059 |
costs |
~kausts |
1,555 |
0.4% |
80.4% |
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44 |
1080 |
bought |
~baut |
1,532 |
0.4% |
80.9% |
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45 |
1158 |
walking |
~waukeeng |
1,423 |
0.4% |
81.3% |
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46 |
1186 |
walls |
~waulz |
1,397 |
0.4% |
81.7% |
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47 |
1189 |
soft |
~sauft |
1,392 |
0.4% |
82.1% |
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48 |
1200 |
officer |
~aufiser |
1,382 |
0.4% |
82.5% |
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49 |
1218 |
loss |
~laus |
1,365 |
0.4% |
82.9% |
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50 |
1244 |
caused |
~kauzd |
1,341 |
0.4% |
83.3% |
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51 |
1314 |
dog |
~daug |
1,278 |
0.4% |
83.6% |
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52 |
1384 |
taught |
~taut |
1,205 |
0.3% |
84.0% |
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53 |
1409 |
smaller |
~smauler |
1,191 |
0.3% |
84.3% |
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54 |
1412 |
Rudolph |
~ruedaulf |
1,190 |
0.3% |
84.7% |
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55 |
1438 |
drawn |
~draun |
1,168 |
0.3% |
85.0% |
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56 |
1440 |
tall |
~taul |
1,167 |
0.3% |
85.4% |
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57 |
1489 |
audience |
~audeeyints |
1,135 |
0.3% |
85.7% |
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58 |
1519 |
thoughts |
~thhauts |
1,114 |
0.3% |
86.0% |
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59 |
1521 |
cross |
~kraus |
1,114 |
0.3% |
86.3% |
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60 |
1554 |
draw |
~drau |
1,090 |
0.3% |
86.6% |
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61 |
1568 |
awful |
~aufool |
1,076 |
0.3% |
87.0% |
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62 |
1569 |
alternative |
~aultternitiv |
1,076 |
0.3% |
87.3% |
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63 |
1629 |
officers |
~aufiserz |
1,031 |
0.3% |
87.6% |
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64 |
1651 |
laws |
~lauz |
1,019 |
0.3% |
87.9% |
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65 |
1821 |
calls |
~kaulz |
917 |
0.3% |
88.1% |
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66 |
1829 |
falling |
~fauleeng |
913 |
0.3% |
88.4% |
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67 |
1838 |
august |
~augist |
910 |
0.3% |
88.6% |
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68 |
1895 |
drawing |
~draueeng |
883 |
0.3% |
88.9% |
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69 |
1934 |
calling |
~kauleeng |
865 |
0.2% |
89.1% |
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70 |
1975 |
causes |
~kauziz |
841 |
0.2% |
89.4% |
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71 |
1992 |
fallen |
~faulin |
834 |
0.2% |
89.6% |
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72 |
2007 |
altogether |
~aultuggether |
828 |
0.2% |
89.9% |
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73 |
2022 |
false |
~fauls |
821 |
0.2% |
90.1% |
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74 |
2046 |
dogs |
~daugz |
813 |
0.2% |
90.3% |
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75 |
2047 |
cloth |
~klauthh |
813 |
0.2% |
90.6% |
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76 |
2071 |
salt |
~sault |
801 |
0.2% |
90.8% |
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77 |
2095 |
strongly |
~straunglee |
787 |
0.2% |
91.0% |
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78 |
2098 |
crossed |
~krausd |
786 |
0.2% |
91.3% |
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79 |
2171 |
abroad |
~ubrraud |
758 |
0.2% |
91.5% |
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80 |
2175 |
broad |
~braud |
757 |
0.2% |
91.7% |
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81 |
2284 |
fault |
~fault |
713 |
0.2% |
91.9% |
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82 |
2358 |
raw |
~rau |
678 |
0.2% |
92.1% |
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83 |
2410 |
offering |
~aufereeng |
664 |
0.2% |
92.3% |
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84 |
2436 |
Australia |
~austrralyu |
657 |
0.2% |
92.5% |
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85 |
2444 |
fought |
~faut |
654 |
0.2% |
92.7% |
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86 |
2486 |
sought |
~saut |
642 |
0.2% |
92.9% |
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87 |
2534 |
dawn |
~daun |
631 |
0.2% |
93.0% |
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88 |
2672 |
Paul |
~paul |
594 |
0.2% |
93.2% |
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89 |
2702 |
song |
~saung |
584 |
0.2% |
93.4% |
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90 |
2743 |
offices |
~aufisiz |
572 |
0.2% |
93.5% |
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91 |
2747 |
autumn |
~autim |
572 |
0.2% |
93.7% |
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92 |
2750 |
paused |
~pauzd |
571 |
0.2% |
93.9% |
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93 |
2765 |
stronger |
~straunger |
567 |
0.2% |
94.0% |
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94 |
2856 |
so-called |
~soe-kauld |
552 |
0.2% |
94.2% |
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95 |
2949 |
recall |
~rikkaul |
532 |
0.2% |
94.4% |
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96 |
2971 |
overall |
~oeveraul |
529 |
0.2% |
94.5% |
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97 |
3003 |
belong |
~beellaung |
524 |
0.2% |
94.7% |
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98 |
3063 |
author |
~authher |
513 |
0.1% |
94.8% |
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99 |
3087 |
waters |
~wauterz |
508 |
0.1% |
95.0% |
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100 |
3094 |
talks |
~tauks |
507 |
0.1% |
95.1% |
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101 |
3150 |
boss |
~baus |
498 |
0.1% |
95.2% |
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102 |
3200 |
pause |
~pauz |
488 |
0.1% |
95.4% |
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103 |
3255 |
daughters |
~dauterz |
478 |
0.1% |
95.5% |
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104 |
3264 |
offers |
~auferz |
476 |
0.1% |
95.7% |
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105 |
3276 |
falls |
~faulz |
474 |
0.1% |
95.8% |
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106 |
3287 |
football |
~footbaul |
471 |
0.1% |
95.9% |
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107 |
3308 |
lawyer |
~lauyer |
468 |
0.1% |
96.1% |
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108 |
3321 |
exhausted |
~igzzaustid |
466 |
0.1% |
96.2% |
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109 |
3356 |
automatically |
~autimmatiklee |
460 |
0.1% |
96.3% |
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110 |
3394 |
long-term |
~laung-term |
452 |
0.1% |
96.5% |
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111 |
3444 |
softly |
~sauftlee |
445 |
0.1% |
96.6% |
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112 |
3456 |
Boston |
~baustin |
444 |
0.1% |
96.7% |
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113 |
3493 |
causing |
~kauzeeng |
438 |
0.1% |
96.9% |
|
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|
|
114 |
3551 |
foster |
~fauster |
428 |
0.1% |
97.0% |
|
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|
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115 |
3621 |
belonged |
~beellaungd |
418 |
0.1% |
97.1% |
|
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116 |
3775 |
lawyers |
~lauyerz |
395 |
0.1% |
97.2% |
|
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|
|
117 |
3811 |
straw |
~strau |
390 |
0.1% |
97.3% |
|
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|
|
|
|
118 |
3856 |
launched |
~launchd |
384 |
0.1% |
97.4% |
|
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|
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|
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119 |
3886 |
altar |
~aulter |
379 |
0.1% |
97.5% |
|
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|
|
120 |
3911 |
crossing |
~krauseeng |
376 |
0.1% |
97.7% |
|
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|
|
121 |
3912 |
balls |
~baulz |
376 |
0.1% |
97.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
122 |
3913 |
Warsaw |
~worsau |
375 |
0.1% |
97.9% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
123 |
3962 |
assault |
~ussault |
371 |
0.1% |
98.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
124 |
3989 |
lawn |
~laun |
366 |
0.1% |
98.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
125 |
4052 |
walks |
~wauks |
358 |
0.1% |
98.2% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
126 |
4057 |
los |
~laus |
358 |
0.1% |
98.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
127 |
4077 |
automatic |
~autimmatik |
356 |
0.1% |
98.4% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
128 |
4105 |
awkward |
~aukwerd |
353 |
0.1% |
98.5% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
129 |
4217 |
alright |
~aulrriet |
341 |
0.1% |
98.6% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
130 |
4294 |
alongside |
~ullaungsied |
333 |
0.1% |
98.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
131 |
4318 |
losses |
~lausiz |
330 |
0.1% |
98.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
132 |
4365 |
belongs |
~beellaungz |
326 |
0.1% |
98.9% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
133 |
4373 |
broadcasting |
~braudkasteeng |
325 |
0.1% |
99.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
134 |
4415 |
alter |
~aulter |
321 |
0.1% |
99.1% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
135 |
4430 |
alcohol |
~alkuhaul |
319 |
0.1% |
99.2% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
136 |
4477 |
recalled |
~rikkauld |
315 |
0.1% |
99.2% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
137 |
4595 |
songs |
~saungz |
304 |
0.1% |
99.3% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
138 |
4600 |
alternatives |
~aultternitivz |
304 |
0.1% |
99.4% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
139 |
4601 |
altered |
~aulterd |
304 |
0.1% |
99.5% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
140 |
4700 |
inaudible |
~innaudibool |
294 |
0.1% |
99.6% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
141 |
4724 |
automobile |
~autumoebbeel |
292 |
0.1% |
99.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
142 |
4725 |
Australian |
~austrralyin |
292 |
0.1% |
99.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
143 |
4970 |
drawer |
~draur |
273 |
0.1% |
99.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
144 |
4992 |
appalling |
~uppauleeng |
272 |
0.1% |
99.9% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
145 |
4998 |
sauce |
~saus |
271 |
0.1% |
100.0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|