The choice of radiation therapy depends on several factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the location of the tumor, the overall health of the patient, and the treatment goals. Here are some commonly used Radiation Therapy techniques:
1. External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT): This is the most common type of Radiation Therapy, where high-energy radiation beams are generated from a machine outside the body and directed at the tumor.
2. Brachytherapy: In this technique, radioactive sources are placed inside or near the tumor, delivering a high dose of radiation to the affected area while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Brachytherapy is commonly used for gynecological cancers (e.g., cervical, endometrial), prostate cancer, and some head and neck cancers.
3. Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT): These techniques deliver high doses of radiation to small tumors with great precision. SRS is typically used for brain tumors and other intracranial conditions, while SBRT is used for tumors in the body outside the brain, such as lung, liver, and spine tumors.
4. Particle Therapy: This includes techniques such as Proton Therapy and carbon ion therapy. Particle therapy uses charged particles (protons or carbon ions) instead of X-rays to deliver radiation to the tumor. It is particularly beneficial for treating certain types of tumors located near critical structures or in pediatric patients, as it can reduce radiation exposure to healthy tissues.