Understanding Eardrum Perforation: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
A perforated eardrum, or tympanic membrane rupture, is a common condition that can lead to hearing issues and discomfort. While minor tears often heal naturally, larger or persistent perforations may require medical intervention. Knowing the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help you take the right steps toward recovery.
What Causes Eardrum Perforation?
Several factors can contribute to a perforated eardrum, including:
- Middle Ear Infections – Fluid buildup due to infections can create pressure, leading to a rupture.
- Sudden Pressure Changes (Barotrauma) – Scuba diving, flying, or exposure to loud blasts can cause sudden ear pressure changes.
- Trauma or Injury – Inserting objects like cotton swabs or experiencing a direct impact to the ear can tear the eardrum.
- Loud Noises (Acoustic Trauma) – Explosions, gunshots, or loud concerts can generate sound waves strong enough to perforate the eardrum.
- Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) – Poor ear pressure regulation can weaken the eardrum, making it more susceptible to rupture.
Symptoms of a Perforated Eardrum
A perforation can lead to various symptoms, including:
- Sudden ear pain that may diminish quickly
- Partial hearing loss or muffled sounds
- Fluid or pus drainage from the ear
- Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing sounds in the ear)
- Dizziness or balance issues
When to Consider Surgery
Most minor perforations heal within a few weeks. However, surgery may be necessary if:
- The perforation remains open for more than three months
- Significant hearing loss occurs
- Recurrent ear infections develop
- Persistent ear drainage does not improve with medication
Treatment and Recovery
A surgical procedure called myringoplasty can repair a perforated eardrum by using a small tissue graft. This helps restore hearing, reduce infection risks, and protect the middle ear from further complications. At Vitadell Healthcare, we specialize in ENT daycare treatment in Kolkata, offering minimally invasive procedures for quick recovery and optimal results.
If you’re experiencing persistent ear problems, consult our expert ENT specialists today for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment!