A breast lump is a lump that develops in the breast. Breast lumps may be large or small, and they can feel a hard mass or spongy depending on the type. Some lumps are painful, while others go undetected until they are discovered during an imaging examination.
A lump may be noticed by a woman doing a self-check on her breasts or by her doctor during a physical exam. Suspicious lumps may also be found during yearly mammography screening. Breast lumps in males are uncommon, although they may develop.
Mammography examines the breasts with low-dose x-rays. This imaging technique includes exposing the breasts to a low dose of ionizing radiation in order to obtain images of the interior of the breasts.
Breast ultrasonography is a technique that employs sound waves to generate images of the interior parts of the breasts. Breast ultrasonography may obtain images of parts of the breast that mammography may not be able to view. It can also tell if a breast lump is solid or fluid.
Breast MRI: Breast MRI produces detailed images of the interior parts of the breasts using a high magnetic field, radiofrequency pulses, and a computer. Breast tumors that are not evident on mammography or ultrasound may be evaluated using MRI.
Ultrasound-guided biopsy: A radiologist will apply a local anesthetic and then push a small sample needle into the lump to collect some tissue for assessment under a microscope during this form of biopsy, which uses ultrasound imaging to detect the lump.
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