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Differences between USB versions and connectors.

The coming USB 3.2 standard that is only specific to Type-C connectors will add to the present confusion about USB connectors.
....... Remember that USB 1.0/2.0/3.0/3.1 are different standards while Type-A/B/C are different shapes of the connectors.


STANDARDS:

  • 1. USB 2.0 = black color for Type-A = 4 pins = data transfer speed of 480Mbps = 2.5W of power.
  • 2. USB 3.0 or USB 3.1 Gen1 = blue color for Type-A = 9 pins = 5Gbps = 4.5W
  • 3. USB 3.1 Gen2 = light blue or red color for Type-A = 10Gbps = 100Wcharging/15W device
  • 4. USB 3.2 on Type-C only = will double the data transfer speed of USB 3.1 Gen1 and Gen2
  • 5. Thunderbolt 3 on Type-C only = 40Gbps = 100W charging/15W device

N.B.: 3, 4 and 5 can power most laptops, but not most desktops.
N.B.: USB 3.0 is now called USB 3.1 Gen 1 (Speed up to 5Gbps) - USB 3.1 is now called USB 3.1 Gen 2 (Speed up to 10Gbps)


SHAPES:

  • 1. Type-A = connect to host computers/desktops, gaming consoles, etc = 4 or 9 pins = only data transfer and power.
  • 2. Type-B = connect to client/peripheral smartphones, printer, digital camera, etc = 4, 5, 9 or 10 pins = data transfer and/or power(eg power only for a charging cable = no data transfer). Difference in shape of Type-A and Type-B is to prevent short-circuit if host connected to another host.
  • 3. Type-C = connect to both host and client/peripheral devices, esp thin ones, is reversible and power delivery is bi-directional = 24 pins = data, power and video/audio for the display = can potentially replace all other cables, eg headphone jack, VGA/HDMI/DisplayPort, Power/charging cable, etc.
  • 1. Type-A connector can only use USB 2.0 or USB 3.0 or USB 3.1 Gen2 standard.
  • 2. Type-C connector can use USB 2.0 or USB 3.0 or USB 3.1 Gen2 or USB 3.2 or Thunderbolt 3 standard.


NOTES:

  • 1. USB 3.1 Gen 2 should have been called USB 4.0 = less confusing.
  • 2. If a Type-C cable uses the USB 3.1 Gen2 standard, it should be called USB-C/3.1 = the default configuration = optimum performance .If a Type-C cable uses the Thunderbolt 3 standard = USB-C/T3. If uses the USB 3.0 standard = USB-C/3.0.
  • 3. The Type-C connector is tiny and has 24 pins.! = quite flimsy = should be handled with care.

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Source: https://www.ghacks.net/2017/07/27/usb-3-2-promises-twice-the-performance-of-usb-3-1/#comment-4218659

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