For home gardeners, nothing is more frustrating than seeing their work destroyed by pests and diseases.
The disease occurs when environmental conditions are suitable for the expansion of pathogens on susceptible hosts. Some pathogens attack a variety of plants, while others attack only specific plants. additionally , some pathogens can attack all parts of the plant, while others attack only selected tissues.
Many types of organisms cause plant infections, but the absolute best five sorts of plant pathogens are fungi, water molds, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. Adverse environmental conditions can also cause non-infectious diseases of plants, called diseases. Adverse conditions include inappropriate soil pH, nutrient deficiency and toxicity, soil compaction, excessive water content, and herbicide destruction.
Plants weakened by adverse conditions could even be more susceptible to pathogens.
The following could even be a fast introduction of several common plant diseases, symptoms and solutions, I hope to assist some growers.
More info of biological solution
1. Powdery mildew: mildew could even be a fungal disease, which is straightforward to occur within the environment of warmth , humidity and no ventilation. It often harms the flowers and trees of the leaves, stems and flower stalks and other parts, the surface of a layer of white powder, serious disease when the leaf wilt.
In the sweltering heat of summer, the leaves yellow and rose and melon disease easily. Prevent and cure mildew to wish to extend illumination and ventilated drop temperature dehumidify, can add biofertilizer reasonably additionally, enhance disease resistance ability and reduce soil-borne diseases. Already diseased plants are often sprayed with some medicaments like carbendazim for prevention and treatment.
2. Grey mold disease: it's caused by the infection of bostospora cinerea, which may be a fungal disease. the expansion temperature of the pathogen is 20~30℃, and within the coldness and high humidity environment is more susceptible to disease, When the temperature is 20~25℃ and thus the humidity lasts for quite 90%, it's the peak period of diseases.
The fruit is infected, the stigma that's still or petal is infected more first, after be spread to the fruit, cause fruit skin is grayish-white, have thick gray mildew layer, show water rot shape, disease starts from leaf tip, along leaf vein becomes "V" shape to expand to the within , drab, the side has the striate line of dark and lightweight alternate with.
This disease could even be a typical airborne disease, which may be spread by air, water, and farming. within the actual disease control process, it's difficult to wish effective measures to completely stop the source of infection; within the case of pathogen invasion, it's difficult to completely eliminate the pathogen, like drug spraying, it's difficult to unravel the air and dew pathogens, And alone fume shed, cannot concentrate on the disease leaves, disease fruit and other diseases on the body or internal pathogens. Therefore, we must do early disinfection and prevention before planting.
3. Soft rot: a bacterial disease that happens in heat and humidity. The bacteria enter the tissues from the injuries within the leaves and roots of the plants, secrete toxins, make the tissues necrotic, absorb nutrients from them, and reproduce and spread to the encircling areas. The affected plant part becomes a translucent milky yellow slime with an odor.
In addition to improving the environment and thus the air, it's vital to stop disease . Want to avoid the page to spray water additionally, stop disease leaf in time, when large area suffers, can use streptomycin to undertake prevention and cure.
4. Root rot: it also mentioned as black stem disease, black rot, is caused by the fungus, nematodes, bacteria disease , often within the heat , high humidity environment. disease often occurs within the roots and spreads upward. The stems of plants rot and switch black. The function of absorbing water and nutrients is gradually weakened. When the disease is serious, the leaves of the entire plant become yellow and shriveled, and thus the idea skin becomes brown and dry, and an area of it's separated from the pith. Finally, the entire plant dies.
How to prevent, the primary is ventilation cooling, improve the environment; Next want scientific cultivation, reasonable water fertilizer, make the plant healthy, raise oneself disease resistance; additionally to doing an honest job of soil disinfection. within the primary stage of the onset of succulent plants, the diseased parts are often excised and re-rooted after drying.
5. Leaf spot disease: also mentioned as brown spot disease, disease disease, could even be a fungal disease, within the heat , sultry, not a ventilated environment comfortable to occur. At the start of the disease, the affected leaves appear small circular black spots, which gradually expand into a circular or nearly circular shape. Prevention is especially to strengthen the environment, ventilation, transparent, cooling, and timely stop , burned disease leaves, prevention, and cure the infection. Severe cases are often sprayed with methyl topazine or carbendazim and other drugs.
6. Anthracnose: a fungal disease that attacks the leaves and young stems of plants. When the indoor heat is sultry summer comes on more serious. Leaf damage often appear round or elliptic disease spot, the middle is grayish-white brown , the sting dark brown, late disease spot will have black spots, when serious leaf death, young budtender stem disease often cause decay. Summer heat. The prevention method is that the same as three points:
there are three prevention methods below.
First, improve the environment, ventilation cooling; Secondly, reasonable fertilization to strengthen plant resistance; Do an honest job of soil disinfection, timely remove the diseased plants and destroy; Can spray chlorothalonil, carbendazim, and other drugs for control.
7. Viral Disease: a disease caused by parasite viruses. Plant viruses must sleep within the host cell parasitic, highly specific, an epidemic can only infect a selected quite plant or some plants, but there are a couple of of widespread damages, like mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus.
The manifestations of viral diseases are often divided into four types: mosaic, yellowing, necrotic and malformed. additionally to the above two, the more common tomato mosaic virus disease, Jujube Witches Broom.
The treatment of viral diseases is additionally difficult, especially the damage to woody plants is devastating, insect pests like aphids and planthoppers are the foremost disseminators of plant viruses, so to stop the spread of viral diseases must do an honest job in pest control.
