In Italy Properties
Italy is a country with a rich and long history. It was the cradle of great civilizations, the Etruscans and Romans, the empire of which shaped the course of western history like no other. سيارات
Italy made unparalleled contributions to world culture, gave birth to the Renaissance and fostered many of the best-known artists. Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, Brunelleschi and Botticelli are just a few famous Italian artists. Even Italian cuisine has had a deep global impact.
Famous for its boat shape, Italy is also a country of amazing geophysical contrasts, from Sicily's warm Mediterranean island to northern Italian, mountainous regions with an alpine climate.
Only in 1861 Italy became a united nation; rival cultures, kingdoms and city-states that were independent of each other occupied it for several centuries.
The Etruscan civilization was Italy's first major culture, dating from 800 BC. In Lazio and Tuscany, the Etruscans made their greatest mark, where many of their ancient ruins remain. Rome was founded on Etruscan territory and influenced strongly by its culture. However, by 500 BC the Roman civilization had overshadowed the Etruscans. Meanwhile, in southern Italy and Sicily, ancient Greeks had established colonies.
But Rome is the civilization most closely associated with Italy. Established sometime in the 8th century BC, Rome was a kingdom, then a Republic, dominated by the military achievements of its commanders ("emperors") Sulla and Julius Caesar. After the death of Julius Caesar, Augustus, his adopted son, became the first Roman emperor. The Augustan Age, the period of his rule which lasted between 27 BC and 14 AD, was for the Roman Empire a great time of peace and prosperity. Its power and influence have influenced almost the whole of the Mediterranean region, Gaul (now France) and Celtic Britain as well as a wide area of eastern Europe. Although Augustus was succeeded by emperors of varying levels of skill (and health), for several centuries the Roman empire remained powerful. However, in the Third Century a series of crises wrapped up emperor Diocletian divided the empire into eastern and western halves, even if they were briefly reunited under a few mighty emperors. The final ruler of a united empire was Theodosius I (379-395).
In 410, the conqueror Alaric entered and sacked Rome with his Visigoth army. By 493, Italy belonged under Theodoric the Great to the Ostrogothic Kingdom. This period of barbaric invasion and rule is generally considered the Roman Empire's decline. In the 5th century the Ostrogotish Kingdom itself fell, and Italy was divided into many disparate kingdoms, occupied territories, and independent municipal states after the Gothic Wars.
Germany's Lombards conquered much of northern Italy (where the present-day region of Lombardy is named for them). The Arabo, the Norman, the Savoy, the Bourbon and the Hapsburgs, whose dynasty led to numerous Holy Roman Emperors, were other occupiers from diverse parts of Italy. In 1815, Italian unification, which was long thought impossible, began to become a reality. The Italian unification was practically complete by the end of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871.
The different regions and cities of Modern Italy offer a wide contrast between cultures, lifestyles and even languages. Sicilians and Sardinians adhere to their traditional cultural and language identities. The trendy, business-minded Milanese differ from Rome's cozy but mercurial folk. In some ways, Italy is far from united, which is part of what makes it so fascinating.