Cable has always played a strategic leading role in society. Next, the editor will describe the history of cable industry in this article.
before 1800
Discovered that "electricity" can be transmitted along metal wires ,In 500 BC, the Greek Thales discovered triboelectricity. In 1729, the Englishman Gray discovered that "electricity" could be transmitted along metal wires, and human beings had the concept of "conductor". In 1740, de Zagulier of France defined the definition of conductor and insulation. In 1744, the German Winkler used a wire to transmit the discharge spark to a long distance, announcing the birth of the wire. In 1752, the American Franklin invented the lightning rod and grounded it with a wire, which was the first practical application of the wire. In 1799, the Italian Volt invented the battery and obtained continuous current.
At the beginning of the 19th century
A large number of European and American physicists such as Oster in Denmark, Faraday in England, Ohm in Germany, and Henry in the United States continued to discover and create many basic theories of modern electricity and electromagnetism, which provided the basis for future electricity and information transmission. The gate was opened. In 1833, Gauss and Weber made the first electromagnetic pointer telegraph.
Which was used on a 1-kilometer-long line for 6 years. In 1835, Morse of the United States invented the wired telegraph, which promoted the development of communication excellent cables. In 1839, Cook and Wheatstone built the first 21-kilometer long telegraph line in London. Rubber-insulated submarine telegraph excellent cables were laid in New York Harbor in 1841. In 1851, Britain laid a submarine excellent cable across the English Channel.
Since then, European and American countries have competed for development; in the past 20 to 30 years, telegraph Excellent performance cables have been connected to almost all major cities in various countries. By 1920, the United Kingdom had built a telegraph Excellent performance cable network connecting the countries of the Commonwealth and surrounding the world, which triggered the climax of the laying of submarine telegraph Excellent performance cables in the United States, Japan and other countries. In 1871, the British Dadong Company laid a rubber-insulated submarine telegraph cable between Shanghai, China and Nagasaki, Japan.
Before 1980
(1) Electromagnetic wire
In 1875, American Henry made the first patent for insulating paint and fibers. American GE company made acetate enameled wire in 1902; made oily enameled wire in 1909; made polyvinyl formal wire in 1925; invented acetal enameled wire in 1938; invented polyester enameled wire in 1954. Japan developed glass enameled wire in 1939; silicone enameled wire was made in 1954. Germany made polyurethane enameled wire in 1940.
The Dodge Company of the United States invented self-adhesive enameled wire in 1951; in 1963, it made composite enameled wire. DuPont invented acrylic enameled wire in 1957; made polyesterimide enameled wire and polyimide enameled wire in 1961; made polyamide-imide enameled wire in 1964. Shanghai Electric Cable Research Institute made polyimide enameled wire in 1966; polyamide-imide enameled wire was made in 1970.
(2) Communication cable
In 1876, Bell of the United States invented the wired telephone, and the United States made urban communication cables. In 1878, the United States opened the first long-distance telephone line between New York and Boston. In 1889, the WE Company of the United States began to mass-produce paper tape-wrapped insulated lead-wrapped urban communication standard cables. In 1891, the first submarine telephone standard cable was laid in the English-French Channel. In 1898.
The United Kingdom laid a 46-kilometer long-distance communication standard cable consisting of 19 four-wire standard cables between London and Birmingham; it was changed to carrier communication in 1938. In 1921, the first coaxial submarine telephone cable was laid between the United States and Cuba. In 1932, the first submarine coaxial cable for carrier transmission was laid between the United Kingdom and Belgium. In 1936, Germany made broadband coaxial cables to transmit television.
In 1939, Germany and the United States developed polyethylene materials, which were used in various communication cables. In 1944, the longest (100 nautical miles) submarine cable was laid between the United States and France. In 1949, the United States made a public antenna television cable (CATV). In 1950, the United States made all-plastic (PE) corrugated aluminum tape integrated sheath telephone cable. In 1956, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada cooperated to lay the first symmetrical telephone cable across the Atlantic, with a total length of 4,300 kilometers;
In 1959, the United States, France and Canada cooperated to lay the second Atlantic submarine communication cable (coaxial cable). Mode)……. By 1976, a total of 6 submarine communication cables across the Atlantic had been laid. Since then, a large number of submarine communication cables have been laid in the Atlantic Ocean and various sea areas, so that the information transmission between all regions and countries in the world is smooth. In October 1976, the submarine cable system between China and Japan was opened, with 480 channels.
(3) Cables for power system
In 1879, Edison invented the incandescent light bulb, made the jute pitch insulated power cable, and laid it in New York. In the same year, Swiss Borrell invented the lead press machine, which can manufacture lead-coated cables. In 1887, Brooks in the United States used low-viscosity insulating oil-impregnated paper as insulation for power cables. In 1888, British Ferenti made a 10KV oil-impregnated paper insulated cable (two-core, concentric).
In 1890, the United States made three-core oil-impregnated paper-insulated power cables. In 1893, the British BICC company began to produce paper power cables. In 1910, Germany laid a 30KV three-core cable in Berlin, and in 1911, a 60KV single-core cable was laid. Japan produced 10KV paper power cables in 1911. In 1877, Thomas invented the copper wire cold drawing process, which greatly improved the tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the copper wire, which can be used as an overhead conductor.
In 1882, Germany used copper overhead lines to transmit direct current, and in 1886, the United States used overhead lines to transmit alternating current. In 1895, the United States made aluminum overhead wires for the first time; in 1908, steel-cored aluminum stranded wires were used. Copper-clad steel wire was first produced in 1915. In 1922, Sweden developed the No. 1 aluminum alloy overhead line. In 1903, IEC developed the International Standard for Conductivity of Tough Copper (IACS).
In 1917, Italy invented the self-contained oil-filled cable. In 1923, the United States laid 66KV oil-filled cables; in 1924, 132KV oil-filled cables were laid. In 1932, Italy laid a 220KV oil-filled cable in Milan. In 1938, Sweden Southern Power Plant laid 380KV oil-filled cables; in 1955, 425KV oil-filled cables were laid. In 1957, France made 500KV oil-filled cables. In 1972, the United States made 500KV steel pipe oil-filled cable. In 1959, China developed 66/110KV and 220KV self-contained lead-clad cable samples; 66KV cable was applied in Dalian Second Power Plant in 1964.
The 110KV cable was used next to the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in 1968 (cable across the river). In 1973, a 330KV oil-filled cable was made for the second phase of Liujiaxia Power Station. In 1937, Germany developed PVC insulated wire for the first time, which was quickly developed in various countries. In 1946, the United States made 15KV polyethylene insulated cables for the first time; in 1952, irradiated cross-linked polyethylene was used to make wires.
In 1958, after the United States adopted DCP, the chemical cross-linking method was invented; in 1967, Corning Corporation of the United States invented the silane cross-linking method. These have made various cross-linked cable products develop rapidly. In 1961, Japan purchased a U.S. patent to manufacture chemical cross-linked polyethylene power cables. In 1980, the 500KV class AC power cable was developed; it was installed in Tokyo in 2000 and put into use (39.8 kilometers). In 1983, China jointly developed 500KV oil-filled cables and accessories by the upper cable, the sink cable and the cable institute, which were put into trial operation on the Liaojin line.
About ZHONHUI
Our company is equipped with a full set of product testing equipment and environmental testing equipment.Wuxi Zhonghui Wire and Cable Co., Ltd. is located in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province. It is 20 kilometers away from Wuxi Airport and only 40 minutes from Shanghai by high-speed rail. The transportation is convenient. The company was founded in 2001 and covers an area of 15,000 square meters. With 120 employees and 50 million yuan in fixed assets, it is an enterprise specializing in the production of wires, cables, plugs and power cords, as well as R&D, production and sales.