Cancer is a generic term for many diseases that can affect any organ or part of the body. One defining feature is the rapid creation and multiplication of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries, causing them to invade adjoining parts and spread to other organs. Widespread metastases (the process of spreading of cancer cells) are the primary cause of death on account of cancer. Cancer results from the transformation of normal cells into tumour cells through a long process that grows from a lesion to a malignant tumour. Usage of tobacco, unhealthy diet, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and air pollution are external factors that can interact with a person’s genetic composition and cause chronic illnesses leading up to cancer. This article will help you in knowing about types and causes of cancer
Some of the most common type of cancer in the world, along with their causes and treatment, are listed below:
Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is caused by the abnormal growth of skin cells, most often on skin exposed to the sun. The abnormal cells may spread to other body parts. There are three major types of skin cancer- basal-cell carcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal-cell carcinoma mainly occurs in sun-exposed parts of the body, grows slowly and can cause tissue damage, but is unlikely to spread to distant regions or result in death. Squamous-cell carcinoma is more susceptible to spreading. It usually looks like a hard lump with a scaly top and may also form an ulcer. Melanomas are most aggressive and include a mole that has changed shape and size, is itchy and bleeds.
Skin Cancer Causes:
Ultraviolet radiation from long exposure to sun is the primary cause of skin cancer. Other factors may include-
-Age
-Smoking tobacco
-Use of immunosuppressive medication
- Chronic non-healing wounds can develop into squamous skin cancer.
Skin Cancer Treatment:
Treatment of skin cancer depends upon the location of cancer, age of the patient, type of cancer, and whether it is primary or a recurrence. For low-risk carcinoma, radiation therapy, topical chemotherapy or cryotherapy may control the disease. These may, however, be less effective than a specific type of surgery. If cancer has spread widely, chemotherapy or further surgical procedures may be required.
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