What is SMT in physical therapy?
Spinal Manipulative Therapy (SMT) is a technique used in physical therapy to treat back pain, neck pain, and other musculoskeletal conditions by applying force to the spinal joints. The goal of SMT is to restore the structural integrity of the spine, reduce pain, and initiate the body's natural healing processe.
Physical therapists use different clinical decision-making approaches when employing SMT. Two common models are the segmental clinical decision-making approach and the responder clinical decision-making approach. The segmental approach focuses on identifying a dysfunctional vertebral segment and using SMT to restore mobility and alleviate pain. The responder approach categorizes individuals based on signs and symptoms that suggest a likely positive response to SMT
SMT involves various techniques, including high-velocity low-amplitude thrust manipulation, mobilization, and adjustments. These techniques are applied to the spine and surrounding soft tissues to improve joint range of motion, increase blood flow, decrease tissue restrictions, and improve soft-tissue mobility. It's important to note that SMT is not exclusive to physical therapists. Chiropractors, osteopaths, and other medical doctors may also offer SMT as part of their treatment approaches.