LiDAR systems emit laser pulses toward the ground, which bounce back after hitting objects. The time taken for the pulses to return is used to calculate the distance, creating a detailed 3D representation of the surveyed area known as a point cloud. Each point in the cloud has coordinates (x, y, z) and additional attributes like intensity. This data can capture the fine details of tree canopies, trunks, and even understory vegetation, making it an excellent resource for forest and road tree classification.
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