Allergic reactions, even mild ones, can be very frightening. They can also lead to serious and even potentially life-threatening situations. Millions of people are affected by allergies, and that number continues to increase.
The good news is that many types of allergic reactions can be easily managed or even avoided given the right combination of life-style changes, remidies, and medical advice. There are many different types of allergies, and it can be difficult to get an accurate diagnosis.
Symptoms can provide very important clues that medical professionals may be able to use to help people learn to recognize allergies and avoid dangerous reactions.
Common Types of Reactions
Skin: Allergic reactions that appear on the skin are very common. They can be itchy or painful, and above all else, fairly frightening. Stay calm, and monitor symptoms carefully. They may go away on their own, or may require medical attention.
Hives or angioedema: Urticaria, also known as hives, are raised, red welts that usually occur in response to an allergic reaction. They vary in size, and can be anywhere from a few centimeters to several inches in diameter. They can appear on any part of the body including the face, tongue, or lips, and may spread over a period of a few hours.
It’s not uncommon for hives to join together to form larger masses called “plaques.” They can be itchy, or sore and usually last for a few hours. Angioedema is a similar condition but it appears under the skin instead of on top of it.
Hives will usually disappear within 12 hours, whereas angioedema may linger for up to a day.
Rashes: The most common type of allergic skin rashes is contact dermatitis. Dermatitis usually presents as an itchy, red rash or a series of small, irritated bumps on the skin. Allergic dermatitis is usually triggered by contact with either a pre-existing allergen, or an over exposure to a certain substance.
Respiratory: Allergic reactions often cause respiratory problems. These can include difficulty breathing, tightness in the chest, or coughing. Respiratory symptoms are very common in response to allergies like hay fever or pet dander. Mild symptoms include a runny nose, watery eyes, or sneezing. In severe cases, however, allergic reactions can trigger anaphylaxis. It is essential to recognize the difference between a mild reaction and the start of a serious one.
Anaphylaxis: During anaphylaxis, the respiratory system will show signs of great distress. Some signs of anaphylaxis are a serious constriction of the airways, swelling and tightening of the throat, serious difficulty breathing, or a rapid pulse. Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening condition, so it is essential to seek emergency medical attention right away at the first sign of any of these symptoms.
Cardiac: In extreme cases, allergic reactions can affect the cardiovascular system. Some people may experience rapid heart rate or tightness in the chest. These symptoms can indicate serious problems, and they should be handled accordingly. Seek emergency medical attention for cardiac problems immediately, and be sure to take note of any other symptoms that appear with them.
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