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“Homeschooling is the practice of teaching one’s children at home and in the local community instead of sending them to public or private schools” (Farenga 214). Homeschooling is another option for parents when arranging education for their K-12 children apart from the institutional schools. According to the joint report released by the Institute of Education Sciences of the U.S. Department of Education and the National Center for Education and Statistics (NCES), the number of home-schooled students reaches 1,773,000 in 2012, a 1.7% increase compared with the number of homeschoolers in 1998 (Redford, Battle, and Bielick 5). The homeschoolers occupy 3.4% of the total number of the students in this country (7). The statistics indicate that homeschooling is on the rise in America. The United States is not the only country that legalizes homeschooling. Countries like the United States, Japan, South Africa, and Russia accept homeschooling while some countries, such as Greenland, Brazil, Germany, take homeschooling as an illegal form of education and make public education mandatory. Although homeschooling has its own boundedness, as an education option that can provide the homeschoolers with a flexible learning environment as well as individualized learning contents, and promote the mental heath of the students, protect the homeschoolers against school violence, promote the students to enhance personal capabilities such as creativity, self-management, it is a preferred choice for the K-12 students who want to receive an individualized education. Overall, compared with institutional schooling, homeschooling is a more preferable choice for the K-12students who want to receive an individualized education, since it can provide a flexiable environment, promote the psychological development and develop the personal capabilities of the homeschoolers.

Homeschooling and the Flexible Education Environment

Homeschooling provides the K-12 students with a free and flexible education environment in which they can invest more time and energy into their preferences. The report by the Institute of Education Sciences and NCES demonstrates that the curricula from the online websites and other public resources, such as homeschooling catalogs, public libraries, and bookstores are preferred by the homeschoolers to those from institutional schools (Redford, Battle, and Bielick ii). Homeschooling gives parents of the K-12 children freedom to choose appropriate curricula for their children instead of being confined by the uniform teaching plans in institutional schools. Without the restriction of the rigid school curricula, homeschoolers have more freedom to pay more attention to the field they are interested in and develop their specialties as well as creativity.

The K-12 students can learn with individualized learning resources under homeschooling. Parents who arrange their children to receive homeschooling can coach their children to learn at their own pace, be it a fast or slow one. This is something that the institutionalized schools cannot provide for the K-12 students. The institutionalized schools put more emphasis on the learning of their students on a uniformed basis. In his manifesto, Stop Stealing Dreams, Seth Godin, an American author and entrepreneur, reveals that the current schooling system was originated from the concept of “the common school and the normal school and the idea of universal schooling,” which stresses uniformity in order to cater to the mass production in the industrialized society in the twentieth century (18). The emphasis on uniformity is more likely to generate negative effects on the students (Romanowski 3). In contrast to the institutional school students, the homeschoolers can obtain dedicated-attention from their parents and tutors and do not have to subject to the unified learning pace.

Homeschooling and the Students Psychological Development

In homeschooling, the K-12 students can learn in a relaxed and familiarized learning environment, which can contribute to the mental health of the students. In the process of children growth, their parents play a fundamental and irreplaceable role in cultivating the positive growth of the children. One important aspect of the cultivation is to provide the children with a stable and secure environment. A secure home base remains indispensable nonetheless for optimal functioning and mental health (Bowlby 122). Additionally, homeschooling requires the full commitment of the parents who are responsible for attending the daily lives as well as the education of their children. The attendance and care are opportunities to build a close parent-child relationship. From the two perspectives, the stable learning environment can help the homeschoolers to explore their potentials and develop a healthy psychological state.

Homeschooling protects children from the potential harm of school violence. School violence is a serious social problem in the American society. According to a study by the Washington Post, about 40% students investigated believe that their schools could be the next place for the gun violence and they can give the names of those who bring guns to school or threaten to kill someone. Apart from the gun violence, students attending public schools may face bullying. CNN reports that a 15-year-old boy was bullied by his schoolmates for a long time until he was taken to hospital for a ruptured spleen in 2015. Homeschooling puts children under the protection of their parents, mitigating the risks of school violence to the minimum level.

Homeschooling and Personal Capabilities

In an era in which creativity and personalization are highly regarded, students can take homeschooling as an opportunity to cultivate their creativity and develop lifelong learning habits. For example, instead of being confined to the unitary group activities planned by the teachers like the school students, homeschoolers can use the time to explore the fields they are interested in to develop their specialties and improve their creativity in the problem-solving process. Additionally, with the aid of an effective tutorial system, the homeschoolers can improve their self-efficacy and creativity (Mulyadi, Basuki, and Rahardjo 598). A persons potential is tapped when the person devotes his/her attention to improve himself/herself. Aside from the instructions by their parents and tutors, homeschoolers are mainly responsible for their learning. The success in problem-solving can motivate the student to expand his/her boundary of exploration, which can contribute to his/her lifelong learning.

Homeschoolers demonstrate good academic performances and habits. Ian Slatter, Director of Media Relations, quotes the studies by Dr. Lawrence Rudner at the University of Maryland in 1998, as well as the study by Dr. Brian D. Ray between 2007 and 2008, and says that the homeschoolers demonstrate better academic performers than the public schoolers. Besides, homeschoolers are less likely to develop behavior problems. According to the study by Vaughn et al., the homeschoolers are less likely to become alcoholic or addicted to drugs (79). The good academic performances and living habits indicate that homeschoolers can maintain proper self-management. They are not spoiled by the freedom that the students attending institutional schools do not have.

In a report published by the World Economic Forum, such industries as administration, manufacturing, and production would have to face a clouded prospect due to the improvement of technologies (5). As Godin has pointed out that the current educational system retains many features of mass production in the industrialization era. Such a system aims at produce eligible workers for the mass production, which can no longer meet the requirements in the future job market. The reform of the current educational system may be underway. But time and tide wait for no one. Are you willing to be a standard product of the mass education or an individualized person through homeschooling?

The Counterargument against Homeschooling

People who argue against homeschooling says that homeschooling limits the students capability to improve their social skills, but it is not well grounded in that the belief has a partial understanding of homeschooling. In the view of the people who hold such a belief, they would regard homeschooling as an enclosed, dull educating environment. However, it is actually not the case. Homeschoolers can develop good social skills through various extracurricular activities and interactions with their family members. Raymond S. Moore from the Hewitt Research Foundation points out that a positive sociability of a child originates from the cultivation of his/her sense of responsibility to his/her family, which requires a benign interaction with the family members (366). In other words, family is the basis for a person to develop proper social skills. Besides the family members, homeschoolers can enlarge their scope of communication through community activities, as well as various school activities accessible to homeschoolers as stipulated by laws (Thompson 843). Thus, contrary to the belief that homeschoolers are less socially skillful, they can practice their social skills in occasions which are no less than the students attending institutional schools.

Some Considerations on Homeschooling

Similar to the current education system, homeschooling is not flawless. When parents choose homeschooling for their children, they take full responsibility for the education of their children, which demands a high volume investment in time and energy. It remains a question whether the parents of the homeschoolers can successfully fulfill the commitment. Another concern is that as the parents take full charge of their childrens education, can the parents conduct it well and avoid improper control, which may drive the homeschoolers to an undesirable direction? However, when it comes to institutionalized schooling, the worries on the aforementioned aspects can be reduced due to the sophisticated restriction mechanism developed over the years.

Conclusion

Homeschooling as an alternative for K-12 students become widely accepted. Dissatisfied with the institutional school system, many parents choose homeschooling to educate their children. Under homeschooling, the parents can select a more appropriate curricula for their children so that the homeschoolers can learn at their own paces in a flexible, comfort environment. Also, homeschooling can contribute to the mental health of the K-12 students and protect them against any campus violence. Moreover, homeschoolers can develop their own creativity as well as the capability for self-management, restraining them from forming bad habits like drug use. With family support and deliberate practice, homeschoolers can develop eligible social skills. Although homeschooling has its own limitations, it is a good choice for the K-12 students to explore their full potentials. The future world goes for individualization and creativity. Homeschooling, as a form cater to the specific educational needs of children, if well maintained, can cultivate talents to adapt to the requirements of the future.